Cultural topics with clinical implications needed in the dental curriculum to develop intercultural competence: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To identify cultural topics with clinical implications to be incorporated into the dentistry curriculum to develop Intercultural Competence. METHODS: Systematic review with PRISMA criteria that exported 216 articles from the Web of Science, Scopus, and SciELO databases from 2012 to 2022, of which 40 were selected. The inclusion criteria were theoretical and empirical scientific articles, of quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods nature, on cultural topics. RESULTS: The data analysis allowed the organization of information into four cultural topics: Development of professional intercultural self-awareness, Individual, family, and cultural implications, Construction of intercultural therapeutic relationships, and Specific clinical aspects, each with particular contents to be developed in the dentistry curriculum. However, some clinical issues have yet to be explored in-depth, leaving research possibilities open to all disciplines in dentistry. Additionally, it is necessary to analyze the cultural bias in the discussion and conclusion of some reviewed articles, as they were conducted from an ethnocentric perspective. Thus, peer reviewers of scientific journals and researchers in these topics must have appropriate training in Intercultural Competence. CONCLUSIONS: This review provides a guide and pedagogical sequence of the cultural topics that should be incorporated into the dentistry curriculum to achieve Intercultural Competence, it also highlights a wide range of relevant aspects to consider in establishing an adequate therapeutic relationship. Explicit accreditation criteria contribute to the establishment of Intercultural Competence in the curricula; however, in countries that lack regulations, there is a moral and ethical duty to incorporate the subject so that the future professional can manage and establish inclusive healthcare.

Food Insecurity is Associated with Low Dietary Diversity in Rural Women in Mexico: Results from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey, ENSANUT 2018.

Rural women suffer greater vulnerability to food insecurity (FI) compared to their urban or male counterparts. We analyzed the association between food security (FS) status and dietary diversity (DD) in rural women through data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) 2018 from 2,099 rural women. DD was measured using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. FS was measured using the Latin America and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA). The prevalence of any level of FI was 70.1%. Mean DD score was 3.8. Mild FI was associated with low DD (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.06, 2.10). Results highlight the need for government strategies targeted to this population sector to improve their diet quality.

Upregulation of the parietal cortex improves freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is a key brain area for visuospatial processing and locomotion. It has been repetitively shown to be involved in the neural correlates of freezing of gait (FOG), a common symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, current neuroimaging modalities do not allow to precisely determine the role of the PPC during real FOG episodes. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to modulate the PPC cortical excitability using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to determine whether the PPC contributes to FOG or compensates for dysfunctional neural networks to reduce FOG. METHODS Fourteen participants with PD who experience freezing took part in a proof of principle study consisting of three experimental sessions targeting the PPC with inhibitory, excitatory, and sham rTMS. Objective FOG outcomes and cortical excitability measurements were acquired before and after each stimulation protocol. RESULTS Increasing PPC excitability resulted in significantly fewer freezing episodes and percent time frozen during a FOG-provoking task. This reduction in FOG most likely emerged from the trend in PPC inhibiting the lower leg motor cortex excitability. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the recruitment of the PPC is linked to less FOG, providing support for the beneficial role of the PPC upregulation in preventing FOG. This could potentially be linked to a reduction of the cortical input burden on the basal ganglia prior to FOG. Excitatory rTMS interventions targeting the PPC may have the potential to reduce FOG.

Age matters: variations in parasitoid diversity along a successional gradient in a dry semi-deciduous tropical forest.

Parasitoids are an important group of insects because their species number is among the highest. Multiple studies have addressed the relationships between forest successional age and insect diversity by focusing on herbivorous organisms, but changes in diversity of parasitoids are still poorly known. This work analyses the diversity of parasitoids in tropical forests representing three successional stages. A total of 30 traps were placed, ten in each forest successional stages. We estimated true diversity of Ichneumonidae species and guilds and explored the relationship between their diversity and the abundance of plant species using an Indicator Species Analysis; the relationship between parasitoid species and plant richness and abundance was tested using a Redundancy Analysis. A total of 1522 individuals and 168 morpho-species were captured in four months. Species richness showed no differences; however, parasitoid abundance was higher in young forest, while intermediate forest had the highest true diversity values (1D) with 71.6 effective species. According to insect guilds, richness, abundance, and diversity were similar in the three vegetation successional stages. This finding may be explained based on the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, which postulates that moderate disturbance levels favor the highest diversity. In conclusion, successional age matters, i.e., diversity is the highest in intermediate stages, while the old forests harbors guilds unique to that successional stage, such as parasitoids of melitophagous larvae of bees. Other successional stages were characterized by a single species of parasitoid, belonging to the genera Eiphosoma and Anomalon, which may indicate altered and preserved forests, respectively.

Health literacy interventions in the hospital setting: an overview.

Health Literacy (HL) is the degree to which an individual has the ability to find, understand and use information and services to inform health-related decisions and actions. These decisions and actions take place mainly in hospitals, so in this setting, HL has a higher impact on the health status and prognosis of patients. The objective of this study was to identify HL interventions implemented in the hospital care setting and describe the characteristics of their implementation, as well as their impact on health outcomes and care processes of these patients. An overview of systematic reviews published from 2015 to 2020 in MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Database (Ovid), PsyArticles, LILACS (Bvs) and Epistemonikos was conducted. The synthesis of the results was carried out narratively and the methodological quality of the reviews was evaluated using the AMSTAR II tool. A total of 16 reviews were included for full analysis, of which 68.5% were assessed as having high or moderate quality. HL interventions were based on single or multifaceted strategies, including the use of brochures, visual aids, digital tools, multimedia resources (videos) and group and personalized counseling sessions. Despite the high heterogeneity of data, HL interventions seem to have a positive impact on improving health-related knowledge levels and some health-related behaviors and attitudes. In conclusion, it was evidenced that HL interventions implemented in the hospital setting are widely varied. These interventions can be used to improve health-related knowledge levels and promote health-related behavioral changes in inpatients. However, it is necessary to standardize the reporting of both the characteristics and outcomes of these interventions to favor their replicability.

Levodopa alters resting-state functional connectivity more selectively in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait.

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a debilitating motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although PD dopaminergic medication (L-DOPA) seems to generally reduce FOG severity, its effect on neural mechanisms of FOG remains to be determined. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of L-DOPA on brain resting-state functional connectivity in individuals with FOG. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired at rest in 30 individuals living with PD (15 freezers) in the ON- and OFF- medication state. A seed-to-voxel analysis was performed with seeds in the bilateral basal ganglia nuclei, the thalamus and the mesencephalic locomotor region. In freezers, medication-state contrasts revealed numerous changes in resting-state functional connectivity, not modulated by L-DOPA in non-freezers. In freezers, L-DOPA increased the functional connectivity between the seeds and regions including the posterior parietal, the posterior cingulate, the motor and the medial prefrontal cortices. Comparisons with non-freezers revealed that L-DOPA generally normalizes brain functional connectivity to non-freezers levels but can also increase functional connectivity, possibly compensating for dysfunctional networks in freezers. Our findings suggest that L-DOPA could contribute to a better sensorimotor, attentional, response inhibition and limbic processing to prevent FOG when triggers are encountered but could also contribute to FOG by interfering with the processing capacity of the striatum. This study shows that levodopa taken to control PD symptoms induces changes in functional connectivity at rest, in freezers only. Increases (green) in functional connectivity of GPe, GPi, putamen and thalamus with cognitive, sensorimotor and limbic cortical regions of the Interference model (blue) was observed. Our results suggest that levodopa can normalize connections similar to non-freezers or increases connectivity to compensate for dysfunctional networks.

Survival Rate of the Neotropical Stingless Bees Nannotrigona perilampoides and Frieseomelitta nigra after Exposure to Five Selected Insecticides, under Controlled Conditions.

Insecticides used in agricultural pest management pose survival risks to the stingless bees that forage on crops in tropical and subtropical regions. In the present study, we evaluated, under laboratory conditions, the acute oral toxicity of five selected insecticides (dinotefuran, imidacloprid, flupyradifurone, spirotetramat, and cyantraniliprole) to two species of neotropical stingless bees: Nannotrigona perilampoides and Frieseomelitta nigra. At field recommended doses, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, and flupyradifurone caused the highest mortality in both bee species. These insecticides also caused the largest decrease in the survival rate when exposed to a 10-fold dilution of the field recommended doses. Notably, dinotefuran exerted a high effect even at 100-fold dilution (100% mortality). In contrast, cyantraniliprole had a low effect and spirotetramat was virtually nontoxic. These results suggest that some insecticides used to control sap-sucking insects may have a significant negative impact on the communities of stingless bees.

Deep learning representations to support COVID-19 diagnosis on CT slices. / Representaciones basadas en aprendizaje profundo como apoyo del diagnóstico de la COVID-19 en cortes de tomografía computarizada

INTRODUCTION: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a significant public health problem worldwide. In this context, CT-scan automatic analysis has emerged as a COVID-19 complementary diagnosis tool allowing for radiological finding characterization, patient categorization, and disease follow-up. However, this analysis depends on the radiologist's expertise, which may result in subjective evaluations. OBJECTIVE: To explore deep learning representations, trained from thoracic CT-slices, to automatically distinguish COVID-19 disease from control samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two datasets were used: SARS-CoV-2 CT Scan (Set-1) and FOSCAL clinic's dataset (Set-2). The deep representations took advantage of supervised learning models previously trained on the natural image domain, which were adjusted following a transfer learning scheme. The deep classification was carried out: (a) via an end-to-end deep learning approach and (b) via random forest and support vector machine classifiers by feeding the deep representation embedding vectors into these classifiers. RESULTS: The end-to-end classification achieved an average accuracy of 92.33% (89.70% precision) for Set-1 and 96.99% (96.62% precision) for Set-2. The deep feature embedding with a support vector machine achieved an average accuracy of 91.40% (95.77% precision) and 96.00% (94.74% precision) for Set-1 and Set-2, respectively. CONCLUSION: Deep representations have achieved outstanding performance in the identification of COVID-19 cases on CT scans demonstrating good characterization of the COVID-19 radiological patterns. These representations could potentially support the COVID-19 diagnosis in clinical settings.

Introducción. La enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) es actualmente el principal problema de salud pública en el mundo. En este contexto, el análisis automático de tomografías computarizadas (TC) surge como una herramienta diagnóstica complementaria que permite caracterizar hallazgos radiológicos, y categorizar y hacer el seguimiento de pacientes con COVID-19. Sin embargo, este análisis depende de la experiencia de los radiólogos, por lo que las valoraciones pueden ser subjetivas. Objetivo. Explorar representaciones de aprendizaje profundo entrenadas con cortes de TC torácica para diferenciar automáticamente entre los casos de COVID-19 y personas no infectadas. Materiales y métodos. Se usaron dos conjuntos de datos de TC: de SARS-CoV-2 CT (conjunto 1) y de la clínica FOSCAL (conjunto 2). Los modelos de aprendizaje supervisados y previamente entrenados en imágenes naturales, se ajustaron usando aprendizaje por transferencia. La clasificación se llevó a cabo mediante aprendizaje de extremo a extremo y clasificadores tales como los árboles de decisiones y las máquinas de soporte vectorial, alimentados por la representación profunda previamente aprendida. Resultados. El enfoque de extremo a extremo alcanzó una exactitud promedio de 92,33 % (89,70 % de precisión) para el conjunto 1 y de 96,99 % (96,62 % de precisión) para el conjunto-2. La máquina de soporte vectorial alcanzó una exactitud promedio de 91,40 % (precisión del 95,77 %) para el conjunto-1 y del 96,00 % (precisión del 94,74 %) para el conjunto 2. Conclusión. Las representaciones profundas lograron resultados sobresalientes al caracterizar patrones radiológicos usados en la detección de casos de COVID-19 a partir de estudios de TC y demostraron ser una potencial herramienta de apoyo del diagnóstico.

Deep learning representations to support COVID-19 diagnosis on CT slices / Representaciones basadas en aprendizaje profundo como apoyo del diagnóstico de la COVID-19 en cortes de tomografía computarizada

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a significant public health problem worldwide. In this context, CT-scan automatic analysis has emerged as a COVID-19 complementary diagnosis tool allowing for radiological finding characterization, patient categorization, and disease follow-up. However, this analysis depends on the radiologist's expertise, which may result in subjective evaluations. Objective: To explore deep learning representations, trained from thoracic CT-slices, to automatically distinguish COVID-19 disease from control samples. Materials and methods: Two datasets were used: SARS-CoV-2 CT Scan (Set-1) and FOSCAL clinic's dataset (Set-2). The deep representations took advantage of supervised learning models previously trained on the natural image domain, which were adjusted following a transfer learning scheme. The deep classification was carried out: (a) via an end-to-end deep learning approach and (b) via random forest and support vector machine classifiers by feeding the deep representation embedding vectors into these classifiers. Results: The end-to-end classification achieved an average accuracy of 92.33% (89.70% precision) for Set-1 and 96.99% (96.62% precision) for Set-2. The deep feature embedding with a support vector machine achieved an average accuracy of 91.40% (95.77% precision) and 96.00% (94.74% precision) for Set-1 and Set-2, respectively. Conclusion: Deep representations have achieved outstanding performance in the identification of COVID-19 cases on CT scans demonstrating good characterization of the COVID-19 radiological patterns. These representations could potentially support the COVID-19 diagnosis in clinical settings.

Introducción. La enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) es actualmente el principal problema de salud pública en el mundo. En este contexto, el análisis automático de tomografías computarizadas (TC) surge como una herramienta diagnóstica complementaria que permite caracterizar hallazgos radiológicos, y categorizar y hacer el seguimiento de pacientes con COVID-19. Sin embargo, este análisis depende de la experiencia de los radiólogos, por lo que las valoraciones pueden ser subjetivas. Objetivo. Explorar representaciones de aprendizaje profundo entrenadas con cortes de TC torácica para diferenciar automáticamente entre los casos de COVID-19 y personas no infectadas. Materiales y métodos. Se usaron dos conjuntos de datos de TC: de SARS-CoV-2 CT (conjunto 1) y de la clínica FOSCAL (conjunto 2). Los modelos de aprendizaje supervisados y previamente entrenados en imágenes naturales, se ajustaron usando aprendizaje por transferencia. La clasificación se llevó a cabo mediante aprendizaje de extremo a extremo y clasificadores tales como los árboles de decisiones y las máquinas de soporte vectorial, alimentados por la representación profunda previamente aprendida. Resultados. El enfoque de extremo a extremo alcanzó una exactitud promedio de 92,33 % (89,70 % de precisión) para el conjunto 1 y de 96,99 % (96,62 % de precisión) para el conjunto-2. La máquina de soporte vectorial alcanzó una exactitud promedio de 91,40 % (precisión del 95,77 %) para el conjunto-1 y del 96,00 % (precisión del 94,74 %) para el conjunto 2. Conclusión. Las representaciones profundas lograron resultados sobresalientes al caracterizar patrones radiológicos usados en la detección de casos de COVID-19 a partir de estudios de TC y demostraron ser una potencial herramienta de apoyo del diagnóstico.

Efficient Face Recognition System for Operating in Unconstrained Environments.

Facial recognition is fundamental for a wide variety of security systems operating in real-time applications. Recently, several deep neural networks algorithms have been developed to achieve state-of-the-art performance on this task. The present work was conceived due to the need for an efficient and low-cost processing system, so a real-time facial recognition system was proposed using a combination of deep learning algorithms like FaceNet and some traditional classifiers like SVM, KNN, and RF using moderate hardware to operate in an unconstrained environment. Generally, a facial recognition system involves two main tasks: face detection and recognition. The proposed scheme uses the YOLO-Face method for the face detection task which is a high-speed real-time detector based on YOLOv3, while, for the recognition stage, a combination of FaceNet with a supervised learning algorithm, such as the support vector machine (SVM), is proposed for classification. Extensive experiments on unconstrained datasets demonstrate that YOLO-Face provides better performance when the face under an analysis presents partial occlusion and pose variations; besides that, it can detect small faces. The face detector was able to achieve an accuracy of over 89.6% using the Honda/UCSD dataset which runs at 26 FPS with darknet-53 to VGA-resolution images for classification tasks. The experimental results have demonstrated that the FaceNet+SVM model was able to achieve an accuracy of 99.7% using the LFW dataset. On the same dataset, FaceNet+KNN and FaceNet+RF achieve 99.5% and 85.1%, respectively; on the other hand, the FaceNet was able to achieve 99.6%. Finally, the proposed system provides a recognition accuracy of 99.1% and 49 ms runtime when both the face detection and classifications stages operate together.

Caries y salud bucal, percepciones acerca de la enfermedad / Cárie e saúde bucal, percepções sobre a doença / Caries and oral health, perceptions about the disease

La caries dental es una enfermedad con elevada prevalencia a nivel mundial, su identificación y tratamiento es fundamental en edades tempranas. Objetivo: Medir la prevalencia de caries dental en niñas y niños en edad preescolar y comprender su relación con la percepción de sus madres, respecto a su salud bucal. Materiales y métodos. La metodología del estudio, mixta. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 213 preescolares, de 3 a 6 años de edad que fueron revisados clínicamente para determinar la prevalencia de caries y el índice ceo-d-, de acuerdo con estándares de la OMS. Se utilizó un cuestionario y una entrevista cualitativa para conocer la percepción de la salud bucal de las madres y sus hijos. Resultados. La prevalencia de caries dental observada fue de 69% con un índice ceo-d fue de 4,34. Más de la mitad de las madres, 53,4% calificaron la salud bucal de sus hijos como "regular". Las madres identificaron la presencia de caries dental en sus hijas e hijos, pero no en etapas iniciales. La percepción de las madres acerca de la salud bucal de sus hijos estuvo asociada con baja escolaridad y limitado acceso a los servicios odontológicos derivados de sus condiciones socioeconómicas. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de caries dental en niños en edad preescolar se asoció con sus condiciones de vida y la precepción de la salud bucal de sus madres. Son necesarias estrategias de promoción y prevención, orientadas profesionalmente, que enfaticen la importancia de la salud bucal en el desarrollo de los preescolares.

Análisis de caso clínico mediante foro virtual por Facebook para favorecer la transferencia de aprendizajes / Clinical Casa Analysis through a Facebook Virtual Forum for Strengthening Learning Transfer

Introducción: Las carreras del área de la salud se caracterizan por tener una rigurosa base científica, que les aporta los fundamentos indispensables para que los futuros profesionales desarrollen investigaciones, especializaciones o profundizaciones en algún área determinada. El presente trabajo incorpora un foro virtual de participación libre y voluntaria para los estudiantes de la asignatura Diagnóstico Integrado de la carrera de Odontología, mediante un grupo cerrado de Facebook. Objetivo: Evaluar el progreso de la transferencia de aprendizajes y las estrategias cognitivas y metacognitivas en los estudiantes de Odontología de la Universidad de Concepción, con la aplicación de la metodología de análisis de caso clínico mediante foro virtual. Métodos: Se trabajó con la metodología análisis de caso clínico para mejorar la transferencia del aprendizaje y se empleó una metodología mixta: cualitativa con análisis de contenido mediante grupos focales, y cuantitativa con método cuasi experimental de pre- y postest del Cuestionario para la Evaluación de Estrategias de Aprendizaje de los Estudiantes Universitarios. Participaron 68 estudiantes que cursaron la asignatura Diagnóstico Integrado en 2017 y que manifestaron su decisión de participar voluntariamente de manera escrita. Resultados: Mejoró la transferencia de aprendizajes en todos los estudiantes. Aquellos que participaron más en el foro obtuvieron mejor rendimiento en la asignatura. Todos reconocieron que resultó un aprendizaje significativo para su futuro desempeño profesional. El conocimiento declarativo y la consciencia aumentaron su media y porcentaje para las opciones positivas. En cambio, el conocimiento procedimental, el control y la autopoiesis disminuyeron su media, y aumentó el porcentaje para las opciones negativas y la indecisión. Conclusiones: La metodología desarrollada constituyó un acierto porque aumentó la transferencia de aprendizajes(AU)

Introduction: Health majors are characterized by having a rigorous scientific base, which provides them with the essential foundations for future professionals to develop research, specializations or deepening in a given area. The present work incorporates a virtual forum of free and voluntary participation for the students of the subject Integrated Diagnosis of the dental medicine major, through a closed Facebook group. Objective: To assess the progress of learning transfer of the cognitive and metacognitive strategies in the students of dental medicine from University of Concepción, with the application of the clinical case analysis methodology in a virtual forum. Method: The clinical case analysis methodology was used to improve learning transfer. A mixed methodology was used: qualitative with content analysis through focus groups and quantitative with quasi-experimental method of pre- and post-test with the Questionnaire for the Evaluation of Learning Strategies of University Students. Sixty-eight students participated who took the Integrated Diagnosis course in 2017 and who expressed their decision to participate voluntarily through writing. Results: Learning transfer improved in all students. Those who participated more in the forum obtained better performance in the subject. All of them recognized that it was significant learning for their future professional performance. Declarative knowledge and awareness increased their mean and percentage values for positive options. In contrast, procedural knowledge, control and autopoiesis decreased their mean values, while the percentage values increased for negative options and indecision. Conclusions: The methodology developed was a success because it increased learning transfer(AU)

Evaluación de la incorporación de un foro virtual por redes sociales entre estudiantes de odontología chilenos / Assessment of the incorporation of a virtual forum through social media among Chilean dental students

Resumen Introducción: Las redes sociales son cada vez más usadas en la enseñanza debido a su facilidad de uso, familiarización, accequibilidad, siendo posible el intercambio de información de manera instantánea y fácil desde teléfonos inteligentes. Por ello se diseñó y creó un foro virtual mediante un grupo cerrado de Facebook que funcionó de manera paralela a la asignatura. Objetivo: Evaluar la opinión de los estudiantes en relación al desarrollo de las habilidades actitudinales, cognitivas, autorreguladoras y metacognitivas mediante el foro virtual implementado, además de su percepción con respecto a la plataforma de Facebook. Metodología: Estudio transversal descriptivo de tipo mixto. Cuantitativo con la aplicación de una encuesta de opinión tipo Likert creada por Andrei Fedorov (2008) y cualitativo mediante cuatro grupos focales. Participaron 68 estudiantes (28 hombres y 40 mujeres), que cursaron la asignatura Diagnóstico Integrado el año 2017, correspondiendo al 100% de ellos. Resultados: Para el 70% de las preguntas la opción más seleccionada fue -bastante-; a excepción de cuatro de la dimensión actitudinal donde la más frecuente fue -un poco-. Destacaron la plataforma de Facebook como una excelente idea para incentivar el aprendizaje, ofreciendo más ventajas que otras plataformas. Las desventajas mencionadas surgieron de los estudiantes con menor participación y regular/bajo rendimiento. Conclusión: El foro virtual, por medio de Facebook, permitió mejorar las dimensiones actitudinal, cognitiva, autorreguladora y metacognitiva, principalmente en mujeres y en aquellos que participaron más, obteniendo mejor rendimiento. Resultó ser una mejor plataforma virtual dada que es amigable, masiva e instantánea incentivando la motivación del estudiante.

Abstract Introduction: Social networks are increasingly used in education due to its ease of use, familiarization, accessibility, making it possible to exchange information instantly and easily from smartphones. For this reason, a virtual forum was designed and created through a closed group of Facebook that worked in parallel with the subject. Objective: To evaluate the opinion of students in relation to the development of attitudinal, cognitive, self-regulatory and metacognitive skills through the virtual forum implemented, as well as their perception regarding the Facebook platform. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive study of mixed type. Quantitative with the application of a Likert opinion survey created by Andrei Fedorov (2008) and qualitative through four focus groups. 68 students participated (28 men and 40 women), who took the Integrated Diagnostic course in 2017, corresponding to 100% of them. Results: For 70% of the questions, the most selected option was -quite-; except for four of the attitudinal dimension where the most frequent was -a little-. They highlighted the Facebook platform as an excellent idea to encourage learning, offering more advantages than other platforms. The mentioned disadvantages arose from students with less participation and regular / low performance. Conclusion: The virtual forum, through Facebook, allowed to improve the attitudinal, cognitive, self-regulating and metacognitive dimensions, mainly in women and in those who participated more, obtaining better performance. It turned out to be a better virtual platform given that it is friendly, massive and instantaneous which encourages student motivation.

Oleic acid induces migration through a FFAR1/4, EGFR and AKT-dependent pathway in breast cancer cells.

Free fatty acids (FFAs) are an energy source, and induce activation of signal transduction pathways that mediate several biological processes. In breast cancer cells, oleic acid (OA) induces proliferation, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) secretion, migration and invasion. However, the signal transduction pathways that mediate migration and invasion induced by OA in breast cancer cells have not been studied in detail. We demonstrate here that FFAR1 and FFAR4 mediate migration induced by OA in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Moreover, OA induces migration, invasion, AKT1 and AKT2 activation, 12-LOX secretion and an increase of NFκB-DNA binding activity in breast cancer cells. Cell migration requires FFAR1, FFAR4, EGFR, AKT and PI3K activity, whereas invasion is mediated though a PI3K/Akt-dependent pathway. Furthermore, OA promotes relocalization of paxillin to focal contacts and it requires PI3K and EGFR activity, whereas NFκB-DNA binding activity requires PI3K and AKT activity.

Description of the female of Labena madoricola González-Moreno & Bordera, 2015 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Labeninae), with new records of Labena species from Mexico.

The female of Labena madoricola González-Moreno & Bordera, 2015 is described and illustrated for the first time from material collected with Malaise traps in 2016 in the Biocultural Reserve Kaxil Kiuic, Yucatán, Mexico. Diagnostic characters to distinguish females of New World Labena are provided. New distribution records of Labena species in Yucatán Peninsula, are also reported.

Antecedentes académicos como predictores de Burnout en estudiantes de primer año de Odontología / Academic antecedents as burnout predictors in first-year Dentistry students

Introducción: en los últimos años, el bienestar psicológico del estudiante ha sido motivo de estudio debido a su influencia en el rendimiento académico y adaptación a la educación universitaria. Objetivo: asociar los antecedentes académicos de los estudiantes de primer año de Odontología y sus niveles de Burnout. Métodos: se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach para estudiantes, luego de un proceso de consentimiento informado, a una muestra de 79 estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Odontología de la Universidad de Concepción obtenida mediante muestreo no probabilístico por accesibilidad. A partir de la base de datos universitaria, se obtuvo información sobre los antecedentes académicos de los participantes. Resultados: se encontraron relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre puntajes de Prueba de Selección Universitaria de matemáticas y niveles de Agotamiento emocional y Falta de realización personal y entre las calificaciones promedio de enseñanza secundaria y niveles de Agotamiento emocional (p< 0,05). Asimismo, los antecedentes académicos entregaron predicciones estadísticamente significativas para el factor Agotamiento emocional (p< 0,05), dando cuenta de un 10,5 por ciento de variación de él, donde sólo la calificación promedio de enseñanza secundaria (p< 0,05) fue un predictor estadísticamente significativo explicando 6,59 por ciento de la variación del nivel de Agotamiento emocional. Conclusiones: antecedentes académicos como el puntaje en la Prueba de Selección Universitaria de matemáticas y las calificaciones promedio de enseñanza secundaria se vieron asociados a los niveles de Burnout de los estudiantes de Odontología de primer año de la Universidad de Concepción(AU)

Introduction: In recent years, students' psychological well-being has been studied because of its influence on academic achievement and adaptation to university education. Objective: To associate the academic antecedents of first-year Dentistry students and their burnout levels. Method: A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were applied to students, after an informed consent process, to a sample of 79 first-year Dentistry students at the University of Concepción, obtained through non-probabilistic sampling by accessibility. From the university database, information was obtained as based on the academic antecedents of the participants. Results: Statistically significant relationships were found between the scores of university admission tests in Mathematics and emotional exhaustion levels, as well as lack of personal achievement; and between average secondary school grades and emotional exhaustion levels (p< 0.05). Also, the academic antecedents provided statistically significant predictions for the emotional exhaustion factor (p< 0.05), accounting for its 10.5 percent variation, where only the average secondary education score (p< 0.05) was a statistically significant predictor explaining that 6.59 percent of the variation in the emotional exhaustion level. Conclusiones: Academic antecedents such as the scores in university admission tests in Mathematics and the average secondary school grades were associated with burnout levels of first-year Dentistry students at the University of Concepción(AU)

Antecedentes académicos como predictores de Burnout en estudiantes de primer año de Odontología / Academic antecedents as burnout predictors in first-year Dentistry students

Introducción: en los últimos años, el bienestar psicológico del estudiante ha sido motivo de estudio debido a su influencia en el rendimiento académico y adaptación a la educación universitaria. Objetivo: asociar los antecedentes académicos de los estudiantes de primer año de Odontología y sus niveles de Burnout. Métodos: se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach para estudiantes, luego de un proceso de consentimiento informado, a una muestra de 79 estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Odontología de la Universidad de Concepción obtenida mediante muestreo no probabilístico por accesibilidad. A partir de la base de datos universitaria, se obtuvo información sobre los antecedentes académicos de los participantes. Resultados: se encontraron relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre puntajes de Prueba de Selección Universitaria de matemáticas y niveles de Agotamiento emocional y Falta de realización personal y entre las calificaciones promedio de enseñanza secundaria y niveles de Agotamiento emocional (p< 0,05). Asimismo, los antecedentes académicos entregaron predicciones estadísticamente significativas para el factor Agotamiento emocional (p< 0,05), dando cuenta de un 10,5 por ciento de variación de él, donde sólo la calificación promedio de enseñanza secundaria (p< 0,05) fue un predictor estadísticamente significativo explicando 6,59 por ciento de la variación del nivel de Agotamiento emocional. Conclusiones: antecedentes académicos como el puntaje en la Prueba de Selección Universitaria de matemáticas y las calificaciones promedio de enseñanza secundaria se vieron asociados a los niveles de Burnout de los estudiantes de Odontología de primer año de la Universidad de Concepción(AU)

Introduction: In recent years, students' psychological well-being has been studied because of its influence on academic achievement and adaptation to university education. Objective: To associate the academic antecedents of first-year Dentistry students and their burnout levels. Method: A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were applied to students, after an informed consent process, to a sample of 79 first-year Dentistry students at the University of Concepción, obtained through non-probabilistic sampling by accessibility. From the university database, information was obtained as based on the academic antecedents of the participants. Results: Statistically significant relationships were found between the scores of university admission tests in Mathematics and emotional exhaustion levels, as well as lack of personal achievement; and between average secondary school grades and emotional exhaustion levels (p< 0.05). Also, the academic antecedents provided statistically significant predictions for the emotional exhaustion factor (p< 0.05), accounting for its 10.5 percent variation, where only the average secondary education score (p< 0.05) was a statistically significant predictor explaining that 6.59 percent of the variation in the emotional exhaustion level. Conclusiones: Academic antecedents such as the scores in university admission tests in Mathematics and the average secondary school grades were associated with burnout levels of first-year Dentistry students at the University of Concepción(AU)

Erythropoietin Induces an Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition-Like Process in Mammary Epithelial Cells MCF10A.

Anemia is associated with chemotherapy treatment in cancer patients. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been used to treat anemia of cancer patients, because it stimulates erythropoiesis. However, treatment of breast cancer patients with EPO has been associated with poor prognosis and decrease of survival. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells are transdifferentiated to a mesenchymal state. It has been implicated in tumor progression, because epithelial cells acquire the capacity to execute the multiple steps of invasion/metastasis process. However, the role of EPO on EMT process in human mammary epithelial cells has not been studied. In the present study, we demonstrate that EPO promotes a decrease of E-cadherin expression, an increase of N-cadherin, vimentin, and Snail2 expression, activation of FAK and Src kinases and an increase of MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretions. Moreover, EPO induces an increase of NFκB DNA binding activity, an increase of binding of p50 and p65 NFκB subunits to Snail1 promoter, migration, and invasion in mammary non-tumorigenic epithelial cells MCF10A. In summary, these findings demonstrate, for the first time, that EPO induces an EMT-like process in mammary non-tumorigenic epithelial cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 2983-2992, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Diferencias de la conciliación vida-carrera en mujeres de Sonora y Coahuila, México / Differences in life-job balance among women of Coahuila and Sonora, Mexico

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las diferencias de la conciliación de los componentes vida y carrera laboral de mujeres trabajadoras de dos estados del norte de México, Coahuila y Sonora, con el fin de conocer los contrastes en la distribución y la armonización de las tareas dentro y fuera de casa. Se aplicó una escala para medir la conciliación vida-trabajo a 556 mujeres en ambos estados. Se exploraron seis dimensiones: gratificación, interferencia, pareja y crianza, cuidado y salud, responsabilidad en el hogar y tiempo libre. Los resultados indican que la muestra de Sonora presenta niveles más altos de conciliación. En general, la incorporación de las mujeres al ámbito laboral les genera gratificaciones personales, sin embargo, esta condición no ha modificado, en lo substancial, la división sexual del trabajo, es decir, las mujeres cumplen con sus jornadas de trabajo y continúan en casa con las tareas de cuidado y atención de la familia.

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in the life-job balance of women in two northern states of Mexico, Coahuila and Sonora, in order to know the contrasts in the distribution and harmonization of tasks inside and outside the home. A scale was applied to measure life-job balance to 556 women in both states. Six dimensions were explored: gratification, interference, family and parenting, health care and responsibility at home and free time. The results indicate that the sample of Sonora has higher levels of conciliation. In general, the incorporation of women into the workplace generates personal rewards, however, this condition has not substantially changed the sexual division of labor, and women working their daily hours and then continue with care and family care tasks at home.